NAD+ 100 mg

Peptide Hubs NAD+ 100 mg

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) by Peptide Hubs represents a fundamental research compound in cellular biochemistry, offered as a 100 mg lyophilized powder in a sterile 2 mL vial. As an essential coenzyme present in all living cells, NAD+ plays critical roles in energy metabolism, DNA repair, cellular signaling, and aging processes. This high-purity formulation, independently verified at 114.47 mg content, provides researchers with a precisely quantified tool for investigating mitochondrial function, metabolic pathways, and cellular resilience mechanisms. Manufactured under stringent pharmaceutical-grade conditions, Peptide Hubs NAD+ offers unparalleled quality for advanced biochemical and cellular research applications.

NAD+ Chemical Composition and Structure

Each vial contains 100 mg of high-purity β-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide with the following specifications:

• Chemical Name: β-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide, oxidized form
• Molecular Formula: C₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂
• Molecular Weight: 663.43 g/mol
• CAS Number: 53-84-9
• Purity: >98% confirmed by HPLC analysis
• Form: White to off-white lyophilized powder
• Redox State: Oxidized form (NAD+) suitable for research requiring this specific redox state

The molecular structure consists of two nucleotides joined through their phosphate groups: one nucleotide contains an adenine base, while the other contains nicotinamide. This specific configuration enables NAD+ to function as a hydride acceptor in redox reactions central to cellular energy production.

Research Applications and Investigative Benefits

In controlled research settings, NAD+ presents crucial areas of scientific investigation:

• Cellular Energy Metabolism Research: As a central coenzyme in glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, NAD+ is essential for studying ATP production, metabolic flux, and mitochondrial efficiency in various cell types and tissues.
• Aging and Longevity Studies: NAD+ levels decline with age, making it a key compound for researching cellular aging, senescence markers, and interventions targeting the NAD+/sirtuin pathway in aging models.
• DNA Repair Mechanisms: NAD+ serves as a substrate for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) involved in DNA damage response, positioning it as critical for genomic stability and repair pathway research.
• Exercise Physiology Investigations: Research indicates NAD+ dynamics influence muscle performance, recovery, and adaptation to exercise, making it valuable for sports science and muscle metabolism studies.
• Neuroprotection Research: NAD+ participates in neuronal energy metabolism and stress response, offering applications in neuroscience research on neurodegenerative conditions and cognitive function.

Therapeutic Context

While this product is for research use only, scientific literature provides important context for NAD+'s biological significance. According to a comprehensive review in Cell Metabolism, NAD+ metabolism intersects with nearly all major cellular processes and its decline is a fundamental feature of aging across species. Further research published in Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology details how NAD+ functions not only as a redox cofactor but also as a substrate for signaling enzymes including sirtuins and PARPs that regulate stress resistance, metabolism, and longevity. These established research foundations make NAD+ an indispensable tool for investigating cellular health, metabolic regulation, and aging mechanisms.

Dosage Parameters

Important: The following information is derived from published research and should only guide experimental design in appropriate research models. Always consult institutional protocols.

• In Vitro Research Range: Cell culture studies typically use NAD+ concentrations of 0.1-10 mM in culture media, depending on cell type and experimental goals.
• In Vivo Research Range: Animal studies commonly administer 100-500 mg/kg daily via intraperitoneal or subcutaneous injection, with exact dosing dependent on species, age, and research objectives.
• Reconstitution Protocol: Add 2 mL of sterile phosphate-buffered saline or cell culture-grade water to yield a concentration of 50 mg/mL. For precise dosing, further dilution may be required based on experimental parameters.
• Administration Frequency: Research protocols vary from single acute doses to chronic daily administration over weeks or months, depending on study design and endpoint measurements.
• Route Considerations: NAD+ bioavailability differs by administration route, with injection typically providing more consistent tissue levels than oral administration in research models.

Active Life and Pharmacokinetics

NAD+ exhibits unique pharmacokinetic properties that influence research design:

• Half-Life: Very short plasma half-life (approximately 15-30 minutes) due to rapid enzymatic degradation by NADases and conversion to metabolites
• Cellular Uptake: Limited direct cellular uptake; primarily enters cells through breakdown to precursors (nicotinamide, nicotinic acid) and subsequent resynthesis
• Tissue Distribution: Rapid distribution to metabolically active tissues including liver, kidney, heart, and skeletal muscle
• Metabolic Fate: Quickly converted to NADH in reductive reactions or degraded to nicotinamide by NAD+-consuming enzymes
• Duration of Effect: Despite short plasma presence, biological effects on cellular NAD+ levels and downstream pathways can persist for hours to days through precursor recycling and gene expression changes
• Excretion: Metabolites primarily excreted renally with some fecal elimination

Potential Research Observations

Researchers should monitor for expected biological responses consistent with NAD+ biology:

• Metabolic Changes: Altered substrate utilization, improved mitochondrial function, enhanced ATP production in metabolic assays
• Cellular Resilience: Increased resistance to oxidative stress, improved DNA repair capacity, enhanced cellular survival under stress conditions
• Gene Expression Modifications: Upregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis markers (PGC-1α, TFAM), sirtuin activation, stress response pathway modulation
• Physiological Effects: Improved exercise performance, enhanced recovery from metabolic stress, altered aging markers in appropriate models
• Minimal Acute Toxicity: NAD+ is generally well-tolerated in research models at established doses, with few immediate adverse effects
• Dose-Dependent Responses: Effects typically show dose-response relationships within established research ranges

Contraindications & Precautionary Measures

This product is for laboratory research use only. Researchers should:

• Not administer to humans or animals for therapeutic purposes
• Exercise caution in studies involving models with liver or kidney impairment that may affect NAD+ metabolism
• Monitor glucose metabolism carefully in diabetic research models, as NAD+ influences insulin sensitivity pathways
• Use appropriate personal protective equipment during handling (gloves, lab coat, eye protection)
• Conduct research in certified laboratory facilities with proper chemical safety protocols
• Store securely with restricted access to prevent unauthorized use
• Dispose of materials according to institutional chemical waste and biohazard protocols
• Consider NAD+'s light sensitivity and temperature stability in experimental design
• Account for rapid degradation in solution when designing administration protocols

Overdose

Administration significantly above established research parameters may produce metabolic disturbances including altered glucose homeostasis, potential liver enzyme changes, or disrupted redox balance that could compromise animal welfare and study validity. Researchers should establish careful dose-escalation protocols and monitor metabolic parameters closely, particularly in chronic administration studies. Emergency procedures should include metabolic monitoring capabilities and supportive care protocols for research models experiencing metabolic disturbances.

NAD+ Stack/Cycle Integration

For comprehensive metabolic and longevity research, NAD+ may be studied alongside other Peptide Hubs products in controlled experimental designs. Researchers might investigate combinations such as:

• NAD+ 500 mg: For dose-response studies comparing different NAD+ concentrations on cellular and metabolic outcomes in research models.
• MOTS-c: In investigations of combined mitochondrial signaling and NAD+ metabolism in exercise and aging research.
• SS-31: For synergistic research on mitochondrial function, cellular energy production, and oxidative stress protection.
• Pinealon: In studies examining combined effects on cellular stress resistance, neuroprotection, and aging markers.
• Semax: For research on combined neuroprotective effects, cognitive function, and neuronal energy metabolism.

These research combinations should only be conducted by qualified investigators following appropriate experimental designs, ethical guidelines, and institutional approvals, with particular attention to metabolic monitoring and comprehensive endpoint assessments.

Package Presentation

Each research unit arrives in specialized packaging designed for coenzyme stability:

• One sterile amber glass vial with fluoropolymer-coated stopper containing 100 mg lyophilized NAD+
• Oxygen-absorbing packet and desiccant to prevent degradation during shipping and storage
• Tamper-evident holographic seal ensuring product integrity and authenticity
• Dual lot numbers and expiration dates (12 months from manufacture)
• Complete certificate of analysis from independent laboratory including HPLC purity data
• Product insert with detailed handling, storage, and stability information specific to NAD+
• Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for laboratory safety compliance

Storage & Stability Protocols

Due to NAD+'s sensitivity to environmental factors, specific storage conditions are essential:

• Unreconstituted: Store at -20°C (-4°F) in original packaging. For short-term use (up to 7 days), 2-8°C (36-46°F) is acceptable. Protect from light, moisture, and oxygen exposure at all times.
• Reconstituted: Prepare fresh for each research application. If necessary, store at 2-8°C (36-46°F) for no more than 6 hours while maintaining sterility and protecting from light.
• Freezing Reconstituted Solution: Not recommended as freeze-thaw cycles accelerate degradation.
• Handling: Minimize exposure to room temperature and light. Work quickly under subdued lighting when reconstituting and administering.
• Stability Indicators: Monitor for color changes (yellowing indicates degradation). Properly stored lyophilized powder maintains stability for 12 months.
• pH Considerations: NAD+ stability is pH-dependent; maintain neutral pH (6.5-7.5) in reconstituted solutions.

NAD+ Referrers

The central role of NAD+ in cellular metabolism represents one of biochemistry's most fundamental principles, with research applications spanning from basic science to translational medicine. As detailed in extensive scientific literature, NAD+ serves as an essential redox carrier in over 400 enzymatic reactions while simultaneously functioning as a signaling molecule and enzyme substrate. The declining NAD+ levels observed during aging across multiple species have established it as a key biomarker and potential intervention target in aging research. Peptide Hubs maintains exceptional quality standards for this critical research compound, as demonstrated by the September 29, 2025 laboratory verification showing 114.47 mg content (114.5% of labeled amount) in the 100 mg vial. This commitment to accuracy and transparency ensures researchers receive materials of precisely documented composition for investigations into cellular energy, metabolism, aging, and resilience mechanisms. The high-purity formulation specifically preserves the oxidized (NAD+) redox state required for many research applications, distinguishing it from reduced forms (NADH) with different biochemical properties and research utilities.

Third-Party Laboratory Verification

September 29, 2025

View Result

114.47 mg / 100 mg

The independent laboratory analysis conducted on September 29, 2025, confirms the NAD+ vial contains 114.47 mg of active content against the labeled 100 mg, representing a 114.5% purity rating that exceeds standard quality specifications. This exceptional verification ensures researchers receive accurately dosed materials for investigations into cellular energy metabolism, aging mechanisms, and biochemical pathways dependent on this essential coenzyme.