PE 22-28 10 mg

Peptide Hubs PE 22-28

PE 22-28 by Peptide Hubs is a sophisticated research peptide derived from the C-terminal fragment of pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP 1–38), presented as a 10 mg lyophilized powder in a sterile 2 mL vial. This specific heptapeptide sequence (Gly-Ile-Ala-Gly-Ala-Ser-Asp-Arg) represents a strategically truncated analog that maintains significant biological activity while offering enhanced stability and research utility compared to the full-length PACAP molecule. Independently verified at 11.04 mg content (110.4% purity), this pharmaceutical-grade PE 22-28 provides researchers with a precisely quantified tool for investigating neuropeptide signaling, synaptic plasticity, and neuroprotective mechanisms in controlled experimental systems.

PE 22-28 Chemical Composition and Structural Characteristics

Each vial contains 10 mg of high-purity PE 22-28 peptide with the following specifications:

• Sequence: Gly-Ile-Ala-Gly-Ala-Ser-Asp-Arg (single-letter: GIAGASDR)
• Molecular Formula: C₃₁H₅₃N₁₁O₁₃
• Molecular Weight: 803.82 g/mol
• Source: C-terminal fragment (positions 22-28) of PACAP 1–38
• Purity: >98% confirmed by reverse-phase HPLC and mass spectrometry
• Form: White lyophilized powder
• Stability Enhancement: Truncated sequence demonstrates improved metabolic stability compared to full-length PACAP while maintaining receptor affinity
• Modifications: Free N-terminus and C-terminus; no acetyl or amide modifications

The strategic truncation to residues 22-28 represents a critical optimization for research applications, preserving the essential receptor-binding region while eliminating portions responsible for rapid degradation in biological systems.

Research Applications and Neurobiological Investigations

PE 22-28 serves as a valuable tool for multiple neuroscience and neurobiology research domains:

• Neurotrophic Signaling Research: As a PACAP receptor (PAC1) agonist, PE 22-28 enables investigation of cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathways involved in neuronal survival, differentiation, and synaptic plasticity.
• Synaptic Function Studies: Research indicates PACAP fragments modulate neurotransmitter release, synaptic strength, and long-term potentiation (LTP) mechanisms, making PE 22-28 valuable for learning and memory research.
• Neuroprotection Investigations: Studies suggest PACAP-derived peptides exhibit neuroprotective effects against excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and ischemic injury in various neuronal models.
• Circadian Rhythm Research: PACAP signaling influences suprachiasmatic nucleus function and circadian regulation, positioning PE 22-28 as a tool for chronobiology investigations.
• Stress Response Studies: The peptide modulates hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity and stress adaptation mechanisms in experimental models.
• Metabolic Neuroscience: Emerging research explores PACAP's role in energy homeostasis, food intake regulation, and metabolic-neural interfaces.

Therapeutic Research Context and Scientific Foundation

While this product is for research use only, scientific literature establishes PE 22-28's investigational significance. According to research published in The Journal of Neuroscience, PACAP and its active fragments modulate synaptic plasticity through cAMP-dependent mechanisms that influence learning and memory processes. Further investigation in Neuropsychopharmacology demonstrated that PACAP signaling affects stress response pathways and may influence anxiety-related behaviors in animal models. The strategic truncation to PE 22-28 represents an important research advancement, as studies indicate this fragment retains significant biological activity while offering improved pharmacokinetic properties compared to full-length PACAP. These scientific foundations establish PE 22-28 as a valuable tool for investigating neuropeptide signaling, neural plasticity, and neuroprotection mechanisms.

Research Dosage Parameters for Neuroscience Studies

Important: The following information is derived from published research and should only guide experimental design in appropriate research models. Always consult institutional protocols.

• In Vitro Neuronal Studies: Cell culture research typically uses PE 22-28 concentrations of 10-100 nM in neuronal media, with specific concentrations dependent on cell type, receptor expression, and experimental endpoints.
• In Vivo Neuroscience Research: Animal studies commonly administer 10-100 μg/kg via intracerebroventricular (ICV), intranasal, or systemic routes, with exact dosing contingent on species, administration method, and research objectives.
• Reconstitution Protocol: Add 2 mL of sterile phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) to yield a concentration of 5 mg/mL (5000 μg/mL). For precise neuroscience dosing, further dilution is typically required.
• Administration Routes: Research utilizes various routes: ICV for direct CNS delivery, intranasal for non-invasive brain targeting, intravenous for systemic effects, or subcutaneous for sustained delivery studies.
• Dosing Frequency: Protocols vary from single acute administration to repeated dosing over days or weeks, depending on whether investigating acute signaling or chronic adaptive responses.
• Blood-Brain Barrier Considerations: While PE 22-28 shows limited passive BBB penetration, research often employs direct CNS administration or investigates peripheral effects that may indirectly influence brain function.

Pharmacokinetics and Biological Activity Duration

PE 22-28 exhibits pharmacokinetic properties optimized for neuroscience research:

• Half-Life: Approximately 15-30 minutes in plasma, with extended activity in tissues due to receptor binding and downstream signaling amplification
• CNS Penetration: Limited passive blood-brain barrier crossing; primarily effective via direct CNS administration or peripheral actions affecting brain function
• Metabolic Stability: Enhanced compared to full-length PACAP due to elimination of protease cleavage sites, but still subject to enzymatic degradation
• Receptor Binding: High affinity for PAC1 receptor with EC₅₀ typically in low nanomolar range for cAMP accumulation
• Signal Duration: Despite short plasma presence, downstream effects (CREB phosphorylation, gene expression changes) persist for hours
• Distribution: Rapid distribution to peripheral tissues with limited but pharmacologically relevant CNS access under certain conditions
• Clearance: Primarily renal clearance of metabolites with some hepatic contribution

Potential Research Observations and Experimental Endpoints

Researchers should monitor for biological responses consistent with PACAP receptor activation:

• Cellular Signaling Changes: Increased cAMP accumulation, CREB phosphorylation, and immediate early gene expression (c-Fos, BDNF) in neuronal models
• Neurophysiological Effects: Enhanced synaptic transmission, modified long-term potentiation/depression, altered neuronal excitability in electrophysiological recordings
• Behavioral Modifications: Changes in learning/memory performance, anxiety-like behaviors, stress responses, or locomotor activity in appropriate models
• Neurochemical Alterations: Modified neurotransmitter release (glutamate, GABA, monoamines), altered neurotrophin expression, changed neuroinflammatory markers
• Neuroprotective Outcomes: Reduced neuronal death in injury models, decreased oxidative stress markers, enhanced synaptic recovery
• Metabolic Effects: Altered food intake, energy expenditure, or glucose homeostasis in metabolic neuroscience studies
• Minimal Acute Toxicity: Generally well-tolerated at research doses with few immediate adverse effects in experimental models

Contraindications and Specialized Precautions

This product is for laboratory research use only. Researchers should:

• Not administer to humans or animals for therapeutic purposes
• Exercise particular caution in neuroscience studies involving models with seizure disorders or heightened neuronal excitability
• Implement specialized monitoring in studies employing direct CNS administration routes (ICV, intrathecal)
• Use appropriate personal protective equipment and work in certified neuroscience research facilities
• Follow institutional biosafety protocols for handling peptides with potential neurological activity
• Store securely with restricted access to prevent unauthorized use
• Dispose of materials according to institutional chemical and biohazard waste protocols
• Consider PE 22-28's light sensitivity and temperature stability in experimental design
• Account for potential desensitization/tachyphylaxis with repeated administration in study designs
• Consult with institutional animal care committees regarding appropriate monitoring for neurological studies

Overdose Considerations

Administration significantly above established research parameters may produce exaggerated neurological effects including seizures, altered consciousness, or autonomic dysregulation that could compromise animal welfare and study validity. Researchers working with direct CNS administration should establish careful dose-escalation protocols and implement continuous neurological monitoring. Emergency procedures should include capabilities for seizure management, respiratory support, and intensive care for research models experiencing neurological adverse effects.

PE 22-28 Combinations

For advanced neuroscience investigations, PE 22-28 may be studied alongside other Peptide Hubs products in controlled experimental designs:

• Semax 5 mg: For synergistic research on neuroprotection, cognitive enhancement, and neurotrophic signaling pathways.
• Selank 10 mg: In studies comparing and combining anxiolytic peptide mechanisms with PACAP-mediated stress modulation.
• DSIP 10 mg: For research on combined effects on sleep regulation, circadian rhythms, and neuroendocrine function.
• Pinealon 20 mg: In investigations of neuroprotection, cellular stress resistance, and neural aging mechanisms.
• CJC-1295 No DAC 5 mg: For studies exploring interactions between neuropeptide and growth hormone secretagogue systems.

These neuroscience research combinations should only be conducted by qualified investigators with appropriate expertise, following rigorous experimental designs, ethical guidelines, and institutional approvals specific to neurological research.

Specialized Packaging for Neuroscience Research Peptides

Each PE 22-28 research unit features packaging optimized for neuroscience applications:

• One sterile amber glass vial with fluoropolymer-coated stopper containing 10 mg lyophilized PE 22-28
• Oxygen-absorbing packet and desiccant for enhanced stability during shipping and storage
• Tamper-evident holographic security seal ensuring product integrity and authentication
• Dual lot numbers, manufacture date, and specialized expiration documentation
• Comprehensive certificate of analysis including HPLC purity data and mass spectrometry confirmation
• Product insert with specific handling instructions for neuroscience research applications
• Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) with neuroactive compound handling guidelines
• Reconstitution guide addressing preparation for various neuroscience administration routes

Enhanced Storage for Neuroactive Peptide Stability

PE 22-28 requires specific storage conditions to maintain activity for neuroscience research:

• Primary Storage: Store at -20°C (-4°F) in original packaging. For long-term storage, -80°C (-112°F) is recommended.
• Light Protection: Absolute light protection required. Maintain in amber vials and work under subdued lighting.
• Reconstituted Solution: Prepare immediately before neuroscience experiments. Do not store reconstituted solution. If absolutely necessary, store at 2-8°C (36-46°F) for no more than 4 hours.
• Freeze-Thaw Cycles: Avoid freeze-thaw cycles. Aliquot if multiple uses are anticipated from single vial.
• Stability Duration: Properly stored lyophilized powder maintains stability for 18 months. Monitor for activity in pilot experiments if stored near expiration.
• Neurospecific Considerations: For studies requiring precise neuroactive concentrations, verify activity in pilot assays rather than relying solely on mass-based calculations after extended storage.
• Transport Conditions: Ship and transport with cold packs or dry ice to maintain temperature control.

PE 22-28 Research Significance in Modern Neuroscience

The availability of high-purity PE 22-28 represents a significant advancement for contemporary neuroscience research. As a strategically truncated PACAP fragment, it offers unique advantages for investigating neuropeptide signaling while addressing limitations of full-length PACAP related to stability and specificity. The January 12, 2026 laboratory verification showing 11.04 mg content (110.4% purity) in the 10 mg vial demonstrates exceptional manufacturing precision for this neuroactive peptide. This quality assurance is particularly critical for neuroscience research where precise dosing directly influences experimental outcomes and interpretation. PE 22-28 enables researchers to dissect specific aspects of PACAP signaling without confounding effects from other receptor interactions present in the full-length molecule. By focusing research on this defined fragment, scientists can more precisely investigate structure-activity relationships, downstream signaling mechanisms, and therapeutic potential of PACAP-derived compounds. The product's availability through Peptide Hubs, with verified purity and accurate dosing, supports rigorous neuroscience investigation into fundamental mechanisms of synaptic plasticity, neuroprotection, and neural circuit regulation that have broad implications for understanding brain function and neurological disorders.

Third-Party Laboratory Verification

January 12, 2026

View Result

11.04 mg / 10 mg

The independent laboratory analysis conducted on January 12, 2026, confirms the PE 22-28 vial contains 11.04 mg of active peptide content against the labeled 10 mg, representing a 110.4% purity rating that exceeds standard quality specifications. This exceptional verification ensures neuroscience researchers receive accurately dosed materials for investigations into neuropeptide signaling, synaptic plasticity, and neuroprotective mechanisms requiring precise quantification of active compound.